Are these reference ranges the same at every lab?

No - ranges vary by laboratory, method, age and sex. Always compare your value to the range your own lab prints next to it.

What does it mean if my value is outside the range?

It's flagged for attention, not a diagnosis - many out-of-range values are minor or transient. Read it in context and discuss with your doctor.

Reference chart

Normal blood-test reference ranges (adult chart)

A chart of typical adult reference ranges for common blood-test markers, grouped by body system. Your own lab prints its exact range next to each value - use this as a guide, not a substitute.

Cardiovascular

Marker	Adult range	Unit
Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1)	1.1–2	g/L
Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)	40–100	mg/dL
HDL Cholesterol	> 40	mg/dL
LDL Cholesterol	< 100	mg/dL
LDL particle number (LDL-P)	0–1000	nmol/L
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a))	0–75	nmol/L
Lp-PLA2 (lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2)	0–200	ng/mL
Non-HDL cholesterol	80–130	mg/dL
Oxidized LDL (ox-LDL)	0–60	U/L
Remnant cholesterol	0–30	mg/dL
Total Cholesterol	< 200	mg/dL
Triglycerides	40–150	mg/dL

Metabolic & blood sugar

Marker	Adult range	Unit
C-peptide	0.5–2	ng/mL
Fasting Blood Glucose	70–99	mg/dL
Fructosamine	200–285	umol/L
G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase)	6–20	U/g Hb
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)	4–5.6	%
Insulin (Fasting)	2–25	µU/mL
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1)	~100–300 ng/mL in young adults	ng/mL

Liver

Marker	Adult range	Unit
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)	7–40	U/L
Albumin	3.5–5	g/dL
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)	30–125	U/L
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)	8–40	U/L
Bilirubin	0.1–1.2	mg/dL
Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase	6–20	µg/L
Direct (conjugated) bilirubin	0–5	µmol/L
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)	5–50	U/L
Microalbumin (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio)	0–30	mg/g creat
Urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR)	0–30	mg/g

Kidney

Marker	Adult range	Unit
24-hour urine protein	0–150	mg/24h
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)	7–20	mg/dL
Creatinine	Men 0.7–1.3 mg/dL; Women 0.6–1.1 mg/dL	mg/dL
Cystatin C	0.5–1	mg/L
Estimated GFR (eGFR)	> 90	mL/min/1.73m²
Urea	2.5–7.8	mmol/L
Uric Acid	Men 3.4–7.0; Women 2.4–6.0 mg/dL	mg/dL
Urine protein (proteinuria)	0–150	mg/g

Thyroid

Marker	Adult range	Unit
Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (Anti-TPO)	0–35	IU/mL
Free T3 (Free Triiodothyronine)	2.3–4.2	pg/mL
Free T4 (Free Thyroxine)	0.8–1.8	ng/dL
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)	15–65	pg/mL
Reverse T3 (rT3)	8–25	ng/dL
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)	0.4–4	mIU/L
Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)	13–30	mg/L
TSH-receptor antibody (TRAb / TSI)	0–1.75	IU/L

Blood count

Marker	Adult range	Unit
ANCA (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)	0–20	U/mL
Basophils	0–0.1	10^9/L
Eosinophils	0–0.5	10^9/L
Hematocrit (HCT)	Men ~40–50%, women ~36–46%	%
Hemoglobin	Men 13.5–17.5; Women 12.0–15.5 g/dL	g/dL
Hemoglobin A2 (HbA2)	2–3.3	%
Hemoglobin electrophoresis	no single adult range	%
Immature granulocytes (IG)	0–0.5	%
Lymphocytes	1–4	10^9/L
MCHC (mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration)	320–360	g/L
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)	27–33	pg
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)	80–100	fL
Methemoglobin	0–1.5	%
Monocytes	0.2–1	10^9/L
MPV (mean platelet volume)	7.5–11.5	fL
Neutrophils	2–7.5	10^9/L
Nucleated red blood cells (NRBC)	no single adult range	/100 WBC
Platelet Count	150–450	10^9/L
Red Blood Cell Count (RBC)	Men 4.5–5.9; Women 4.0–5.2 ×10^12/L	10^12/L
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)	11.5–14.5	%
Reticulocyte hemoglobin (Ret-He)	28–35	pg
White Blood Cell Count (WBC)	4–11	10^9/L

Inflammation

Marker	Adult range	Unit
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)	< 3	mg/L
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)	0–20	mm/hr
hs-CRP (high-sensitivity CRP)	0–3	mg/L
Procalcitonin (PCT)	0–0.1	ng/mL

Nutrition & vitamins

Marker	Adult range	Unit
Biotin (vitamin B7)	133–329	ng/L
Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D)	18–72	pg/mL
Ferritin	30–300	ng/mL
Folate (Vitamin B9)	3–20	ng/mL
Serum Iron	60–170	µg/dL
Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC)	240–450	µg/dL
Transferrin	200–360	mg/dL
Transferrin saturation	20–50	%
Vitamin A (retinol)	1–3	umol/L
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)	70–180	nmol/L
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)	200–900	pg/mL
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)	4–24	nmol/L
Vitamin B3 (niacin)	0.5–8.9	µg/mL
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)	200–1800	µg/L
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)	20–120	nmol/L
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)	25–85	umol/L
Vitamin D (25-OH)	30–100	ng/mL
Vitamin E (tocopherol)	12–42	umol/L
Vitamin K	0.5–3	nmol/L

Electrolytes & minerals

Marker	Adult range	Unit
Bicarbonate (CO2)	22–29	mmol/L
Calcium (Total)	8.5–10.5	mg/dL
Chloride	98–107	mmol/L
Magnesium	1.7–2.2	mg/dL
Phosphate (phosphorus)	2.5–4.5	mg/dL
Potassium	3.5–5	mmol/L
Sodium	135–145	mmol/L
Urine sodium	no single adult range	mmol/L

Other

Marker	Adult range	Unit
11-deoxycortisol	10–79	ng/dL
17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP)	0.6–6.7	nmol/L
5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid)	2–8	mg/24h
5'-nucleotidase	2–15	U/L
Acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR)	0–0.4	nmol/L
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)	25–35	seconds
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)	7–63	pg/mL
Aldosterone	3–16	ng/dL
Aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR)	no single adult range	ratio
Alpha-1-antitrypsin	1–2	g/L
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)	0–10	ng/mL
Ammonia	10–45	umol/L
Amylase	30–110	U/L
Androstenedione (A4)	30–200	ng/dL
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)	8–52	U/L
Anion gap	4–12	mmol/L
Anti-CCP antibodies	0–20	U/mL
Anti-centromere antibody (ACA)	0–7	U/mL
Anti-dsDNA antibodies	0–30	IU/mL
Anti-endomysial antibody (EMA)	no single adult range	titre
Anti-Jo-1 antibody	0–7	U/mL
Anti-La/SSB antibody	0–7	U/mL
Anti-LKM-1 (liver-kidney microsomal antibody)	0–20	U/mL
Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA)	0–20	U/mL
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)	1–4	ng/mL
Anti-RNP (anti-U1-RNP) antibody	0–7	U/mL
Anti-Ro/SSA antibody	0–7	U/mL
Anti-Scl-70 (anti-topoisomerase I) antibody	0–7	U/mL
Anti-Smith (anti-Sm) antibody	0–7	U/mL
Anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA)	Negative <1:40	titer
Anti-streptolysin O (ASO)	0–200	IU/mL
Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibodies (Anti-Tg)	0–40	IU/mL
Anticardiolipin antibody	0–20	GPL/MPL U/mL
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)	Negative <1:80; low-positive 1:80–1:160; high-positive >1:160 with clinical features	titer
Antithrombin III	80–120	%
Aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG)	0–3	U/mL
Arterial blood gas (ABG)	reference pH ~7.35–7.45
Base excess	-2–2	mmol/L
Beta-2-microglobulin	1–2.4	mg/L
Beta-hCG	0–5	IU/L
Beta-hydroxybutyrate (blood ketones)	0–0.6	mmol/L
BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide)	0–100	pg/mL
CA 15-3 (breast cancer marker)	0–30	U/mL
CA 19-9	0–37	U/mL
CA 72-4	0–6.9	U/mL
CA-125	0–35	U/mL
Calcitonin	0–10	ng/L
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	0–3	ng/mL
Ceruloplasmin	0.2–0.6	g/L
Chromium	0.05–0.5	µg/L
Chromogranin A	0–100	ng/mL
CK-MB	0–5	ng/mL
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)	0.5–1.5	µg/mL
Cold agglutinins	titre normally <1:64	titer
Complement C3	90–180	mg/dL
Complement C4	10–40	mg/dL
Copper	11–22	umol/L
Cortisol	6–23	µg/dL
Creatine kinase (CK)	30–200	U/L
CTX (C-terminal telopeptide)	100–600	ng/L
CYFRA 21-1 (lung cancer marker)	0–3.3	ng/mL
Cytomegalovirus IgG (CMV IgG)	no single adult range	qualitative
D-dimer	0–500	ng/mL FEU
DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone)	no single adult range	ng/mL
DHEA-Sulfate (DHEA-S)	peaks in 20s, declines to ~30-50 μg/dL by 70s	μg/dL
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)	30–85	ng/dL
Direct antiglobulin test (DAT / direct Coombs)	no single adult range	titer
EBV antibodies (Epstein-Barr virus serology)	no single adult range	qualitative
Estradiol (E2)	follicular 20–150, mid-cycle peak 150–750, luteal 30–450, post-menopause <20 pg/mL	pg/mL
Estrone (E1)	no single adult range	pg/mL
Factor V Leiden	no single adult range	qualitative
Factor VIII	50–150	%
Faecal calprotectin	0–50	µg/g
Fecal elastase-1	200–500	µg/g
Fecal occult blood (FIT)	0–10	µg Hb/g
FGF-23 (fibroblast growth factor 23)	0–60	pg/mL
Fibrinogen	200–400	mg/dL
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)	1.5–12.4	mIU/mL
Free PSA (%free PSA)	no single adult range	%
Free testosterone	200–600	pmol/L
GAD-65 autoantibodies	0–5	IU/mL
Galectin-3	0–17.8	ng/mL
Gastrin	0–100	pg/mL
Growth Hormone (GH)	0–3	ng/mL
Haptoglobin	30–200	mg/dL
HE4 (human epididymis protein 4)	0–70	pmol/L
Helicobacter pylori antibody	0–20	U/mL
Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc)	no single adult range	qualitative
Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs)	0–10	mIU/mL
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)	no single adult range	qualitative
Hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV)	no single adult range	qualitative
HIV antigen/antibody test (4th generation)	no single adult range	qualitative
HLA-B27	no single adult range	positive/negative
Homocysteine	5–15	µmol/L
IgG4 (immunoglobulin G4)	0.03–2.01	g/L
Immunoglobulin A (IgA)	0.7–4	g/L
Immunoglobulin G (IgG)	7–16	g/L
Immunoglobulin M (IgM)	0.4–2.3	g/L
Inhibin B	no single adult range	pg/mL
INR (prothrombin time)	~0.8–1.2 off treatment	ratio
Iodine (urinary)	100–299	µg/L
Lactate (lactic acid)	0.5–2.2	mmol/L
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)	140–280	U/L
Leptin	1–30	ng/mL
Lipase	10–60	U/L
Lupus anticoagulant	no single adult range	qualitative
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)	1.7–8.6	mIU/mL
Lyme antibody (Borrelia serology)	no single adult range	qualitative
Manganese	4–15	µg/L
Measles IgG (measles immunity)	no single adult range	index
Methylmalonic acid (MMA)	70–270	nmol/L
Myeloperoxidase (MPO)	0–470	pmol/L
Myoglobin	0–85	ng/mL
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE)	0–16.3	ng/mL
NT-proBNP	< 125	pg/mL
Osteocalcin	8–32	ng/mL
P1NP (procollagen type-1 N-propeptide)	15–80	ng/mL
Pepsinogen (I and II)	30–130	ng/mL
Plasma metanephrines	0–500	pmol/L
Pregnenolone	no single adult range	ng/dL
Progesterone (P4)	Follicular <1, luteal 3–25 (>3 confirms ovulation); post-menopause <0.5 ng/mL	ng/mL
Prolactin	< 25	ng/mL
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)	0–4	ng/mL
Protein C	70–140	%
Protein S	65–140	%
Prothrombin gene mutation (Factor II G20210A)	no single adult range	qualitative
Prothrombin time (PT)	11–13.5	seconds
QuantiFERON-TB (interferon-gamma release assay)	no single adult range	IU/mL
Renin	0.5–4	ng/mL/h
Reticulocyte Count	0.5–2.5	%
Rheumatoid factor (RF)	0–14	IU/mL
Rubella IgG	no single adult range	qualitative
S100 (S100B)	0–0.1	µg/L
Selenium	0.9–1.6	umol/L
Serum free light chains (kappa/lambda ratio)	kappa:lambda ratio ~0.26–1.65	ratio
Serum osmolality	275–295	mOsm/kg
Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP)	no single adult range	g/L
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)	18–144	nmol/L
Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC)	0–1.5	ng/mL
Syphilis RPR (rapid plasma reagin)	no single adult range	qualitative
Thymidine kinase (TK1)	0–5	U/L
Thyroglobulin (Tg)	3–40	ng/mL
Tissue transglutaminase IgA antibody (anti-tTG)	0–7	U/mL
Total IgE	0–100	IU/mL
Total Testosterone	300–1000	ng/dL
Toxoplasma IgG	no single adult range	qualitative
Troponin	< 0.04	ng/mL
Tryptase	0–11.4	µg/L
Urinalysis (urine test)	no single adult range
Urine culture	no single adult range	CFU/mL
Urine osmolality	50–1200	mOsm/kg
Urine specific gravity	1.005–1.03
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)	0–6.5	mg/24h
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)	0–30	pmol/L
Von Willebrand factor	50–150	%
Zinc	11–24	umol/L

Have a report? Upload it and Mediora checks every value against its range for you.

Upload a test - free

Reference ranges vary between laboratories, methods, age and sex. Always read your result against YOUR lab's printed range, with your doctor. This chart is general information, not a diagnosis.